Debriefing is required when deception is used or distress is possible.

• A. Debriefing is optional and not standard practice.
• B. Debriefing provides a full explanation of the study after participation; required when deception is used or when distress is possible.
• C. Debriefing is a pre-study session to obtain consent.
• D. Debriefing is used to determine the participant's eligibility after the study.

Answer: (B)

Debriefing is about ethics in research and making sure participants leave the study informed and safe. After participation, you reveal the true aims of the study, disclose any deception that was used, and explain why that deception was necessary so participants understand the purpose and don’t leave with mistaken beliefs. You also address any distress or confusion, offer reassurance, and provide resources if needed. This post-study discussion is required when deception was used or when there is potential distress because those conditions create a risk of harm or misunderstanding that must be corrected. It’s not an optional chat, nor a pre-study consent session, nor a method for checking eligibility after the study. Debriefing ensures participants’ rights are protected and that the research adheres to ethical standards.